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gc3-i013c page 1 application manual ldo regulator with on/off switch tk113xxcm contents 1 . description 2 2 . features 2 3 . applications 2 4 . pin configuration 2 5 . block diagram 2 6 . ordering information 3 7 . absolute maximum ratings 3 8 . electrical characteristics 4 9 . test circuit 8 10 . application example 8 11 . typical characteristics 9 12 . pin description 23 13 . applications information 24 14 . notes 31 15 . offices 31
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 2 ldo regulator with on/off switch tk113xxcm 1. description the tk113xxc series of low dropout (ldo) voltage regulators are designed for use in battery-powered equipment, portable communication devices or rf modules requiring a thermal enhanced sot23l-6 package. the power dissipation rating is 600mw. features include an operating voltage range of +1.8v to +14v and an output voltage range of 1.5v to 10.0v in 0.1v steps. the maximum continuous current power rating is 380ma. the load current is internally monitored and the device will shut down in the attendance of a short circuit, over-current condition at the output or a junction temperature exceeds 150oc. an internal pnp pass transistor is used to achieve a typical low dropout voltage of 105mv (typ.) at 100ma load current and a standby current of typically 0.1a at no load.. an external capacitor can be connected to the noise bypass pin to lower the output noise level to 45vrms. this device is stable with low esr ceramic capacitors. 2. features ? active low (reference : vin) on/off control ? very good stability : ceramic capacitor can be used. : cl 0.01 f at vout 2.5v ? high precision output voltage ( 2% or 6 0mv) ? excellent ripple rejection ratio: -80db at 1khz ? output current : 300ma (peak 480ma) ? very low dropout voltage : 105mv at iout=100ma ? wide operating voltage range : 1.8v 14.5v ? very low noise with noise bypass pin ? short circuit protection (over current protection) ? internal thermal shutdown (over heat protection) ? reverse bias protection 3. applications ? any electronic equipment ? battery powered systems ? mobile communication 4. pin configuration top view 1 3 2 6 4 vout np vin vcont 5 gnd gnd *2pin,5pin are connected in the ic. 5. block diagram bandgap reference over heat & over current protection vin vcont vout np gnd 100k
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 3 6. ordering information l c m t k 1 1 3 voltage code package code m : sot23l tape / reel code ex. 3.3v : 33 5.0v : 50 rank code c : c rank i : i rank tk11320cm tk11321cm tk11322cm tk11325cm tk11326cm tk11327cm tk11328cm tk11329cm tk11330cm tk11331cm tk11332cm tk11333cm tk11335cm tk11338cm tk11340cm tk11345cm tk11347cm tk11348cm tk11350cm tk11355cm tk11360cm tk11380cm *please contact your authorized toko re presentatives for voltage availability. if you need a voltage other than the value listed in the above table, please contact toko. 7. absolute maximum ratings ta=25 c parameter symbol rati ng units conditions absolute maximum ratings supply voltage vcc max -0.4 ~ 16 v -0.4 ~ 6 v vout 2.0v reverse bias vrev max -0.4 ~ 12 v vout 2.1v np pin voltage vnp max -0.4 ~ 5 v control pin voltage vcont max -0.4 ~ 16 v storage temperature range t stg -55 ~ 150 c power dissipation p d 600 when mounted on pcb mw internal limited tj=150c * operating condition operating temperature range t op -40 ~ 85 c 1.8 ~ 14.5 v t op = -30 ~ 80 c operating voltage range v op 2.1 ~ 14.5 v t op = -40 ~ 85 c short circuit current ishort 500 ma * p d must be decreased at rate of 4.8mw/ c for operation above 25 c. the maximum ratings are the absolute limitation values with the possibility of the ic breakage. when the operation exceeds this standard , quality can not be guaranteed.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 4 8. electrical characteristics 8-1. c rank (tk113xxcmc) the operation between -40 ~ 85 c is guaranteed with normal test. the parameter with limit value will be guaranteed with test when manufacturing or sqc(st atistical quality control) technique. vin=vout typ +1v,vcont=vin-1.8v,ta=25 c value parameter symbol min typ max units conditions output voltage vout refer to table 1 v iout = 5ma line regulation linreg 0.0 6.0 mv vin = 5v load regulation loareg refer to table 1 mv iout = 5ma ~ 100ma refer to table 1 mv iout = 5ma ~ 200ma refer to table 1 mv iout = 5ma ~ 300ma dropout voltage *1 vdrop 105 170 mv iout = 100ma 170 270 mv iout = 200ma 235 370 mv iout = 270ma (2.1v vout 2.3v) 235 370 mv iout = 300ma (vout 2.4v) maximum output current *2 iout max 380 480 ma when (vout typ 0.9) supply current iq 80 136 a iout = 0ma standby current istandby 0.0 0.1 a vcont = vin quiescent current ignd 1.8 3.0 ma iout = 100ma control terminal *3 control current icont 1.0 5.0 a vcont = vin -1.8v control voltage vcont vin-1.8 v vout on state (reference :vin) vin-0.6 v vout off state (reference :vin) reference value np terminal voltage vnp 1.28 v output voltage / temp. vo/ta 35 ppm / c output noise voltage (tk11330cm) vno 45 vrms cl=1.0 f, cnp=0.01 f iout=30ma ripple rejection (tk11330cm) r.r 80 db cl=1.0 f, cnp=0.01 f iout=10ma, 1khz rise time (tk11330cm) tr 100 s cl=1.0 f, cnp=0.01 f vcont : pulse wave (100hz) vcont on vout 95% point *1 : the minimum operating voltage for vin can be 1.8 v. also, the minimum voltage required for vin is vin = vdrop + vout . as a result, operating at vout = 2.0 v at the minimum operating voltage is not preferred. *2 : the maximum output current is limited by power dissipation. *3 : the input current decreases to the pa level by connecting the control terminal to gnd (off state). general note : parameters with only typical values are just reference. (not guaranteed) general note : it is possible to decrease the output noise voltage by connecting a capacitor with the noise bypass pin (np). the noise level is dependent on th e capacitance and capacitor characteristic.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 5 table 1 load regulation output voltage iout = 100ma iout = 200ma iout = 300ma min typ max typ max typ max typ max part number v v v mv mv mv mv mv mv tk11320cmc 1.940 2.000 2.060 11 25 23 53 37 85 tk11321cmc 2.040 2.100 2.160 11 26 23 53 38 86 tk11322cmc 2.140 2.200 2.260 12 26 24 54 38 88 tk11325cmc 2.440 2.500 2.560 12 27 24 55 40 91 tk11326cmc 2.540 2.600 2.660 12 27 25 56 40 92 tk11327cmc 2.640 2.700 2.760 12 27 25 56 41 93 tk11328cmc 2.740 2.800 2.860 12 27 25 57 41 95 tk11329cmc 2.840 2.900 2.960 12 27 25 58 42 96 tk11330cmc 2.940 3.000 3.060 12 28 26 58 42 97 tk11331cmc 3.038 3.100 3.162 12 28 26 59 43 98 tk11332cmc 3.136 3.200 3.264 12 28 26 59 44 99 tk11333cmc 3.234 3.300 3.366 13 28 26 60 44 101 tk11335cmc 3.430 3.500 3.570 13 29 27 61 45 103 tk11338cmc 3.724 3.800 3.876 13 29 28 63 47 107 tk11340cmc 3.920 4.000 4.080 13 30 28 64 48 109 tk11345cmc 4.410 4.500 4.590 14 31 29 67 50 115 tk11347cmc 4.606 4.700 4.794 14 31 30 68 51 117 tk11348cmc 4.704 4.800 4.896 14 32 30 68 52 118 tk11350cmc 4.900 5.000 5.100 14 32 31 70 53 121 tk11355cmc 5.390 5.500 5.610 15 33 32 72 55 127 tk11360cmc 5.880 6.000 6.120 15 34 33 75 58 133 tk11380cmc 7.840 8.000 8.160 17 39 38 87 68 156 notice. please contact your authorized toko repr esentative for voltage availability. if you need a voltage other than the value listed in the above table, please contact toko.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 6 8-2. i rank (tk113xxcmi) the operation between -40 ~ 85 c is guaranteed with normal test. the parameter with limit value will be guaranteed with test when manufacturing or sqc(st atistical quality control) technique. vin=vout typ +1v,vcont=vin-2.0v, ta=-40 ~ 85 c value parameter symbol min typ max units conditions output voltage vout refer to table 2 v iout = 5ma line regulation linreg 0.0 8.0 mv vin = 5v refer to table 2 mv iout = 5ma ~ 100ma refer to table 2 mv iout = 5ma ~ 200ma load regulation loareg refer to table 2 mv iout = 5ma ~ 300ma 105 200 mv iout = 100ma (vout 2.2v) 170 320 mv iout = 200ma (vout 2.2v) dropout voltage *1 vdrop 235 440 mv iout = 300ma (vout 2.4v) maximum output current *2 iout max 340 480 ma when (vout typ 0.9) supply current iq 80 144 a iout = 0ma standby current istandby 0.0 0.5 a vcont = vin quiescent current ignd 1.8 3.6 ma iout = 100ma control terminal *3 control current icont 1.0 10 a vcont = vin ? 2.0v vin-2.0 v vout on state (reference :vin) control voltage vcont vin-0.4 v vout off state (reference :vin) reference value np terminal voltage vnp 1.28 v output voltage / temp. vo/ta 35 ppm / c output noise voltage (tk11330cm) vno 45 vrms cl=1.0 f, cnp=0.01 f iout=30ma ripple rejection (tk11330cm) r.r 80 db cl=1.0 f, cnp=0.01 f iout=10ma, 1khz rise time (tk11330cm) tr 100 s cl=1.0 f, cnp=0.01 f vcont : pulse wave (100hz) vcont on vout 95% point *1 : the minimum operating voltage for vin can be 2.1 v. also, the minimum voltage required for vin is vin = v drop + vout . as a result, operating at vout _ 2.0 v at the minimum operating voltage is not preferred . *2 : the maximum output current is limited by power dissipation. *3 : the input current decreases to the pa level by connecting the control terminal to gnd (off state). general note : parameters with only typical values are just reference. (not guaranteed) general note : it is possible to decrease the output noise voltage by connecting a capacitor with the noise bypass pin (np). the noise level is depended on th e capacitance and capacitor characteristic.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 7 table 2 load regulation output voltage iout = 100ma iout = 200ma iout = 300ma min typ max typ max typ max typ max part number v v v mv mv mv mv mv mv tk11320cmi 1.900 2.000 2.100 11 30 23 65 37 122 tk11321cmi 2.000 2.100 2.200 11 31 23 65 38 124 tk11322cmi 2.100 2.200 2.300 12 31 24 66 38 126 tk11325cmi 2.400 2.500 2.600 12 31 24 68 40 131 tk11326cmi 2.500 2.600 2.700 12 32 25 69 40 133 tk11327cmi 2.600 2.700 2.800 12 32 25 70 41 135 tk11328cmi 2.700 2.800 2.900 12 32 25 70 41 137 tk11329cmi 2.800 2.900 3.000 12 32 25 71 42 139 tk11330cmi 2.900 3.000 3.100 12 33 26 72 42 141 tk11331cmi 3.000 3.100 3.200 12 33 26 73 43 143 tk11332cmi 3.100 3.200 3.300 12 33 26 73 44 145 tk11333cmi 3.200 3.300 3.400 13 33 26 74 44 147 tk11335cmi 3.395 3.500 3.605 13 34 27 75 45 151 tk11338cmi 3.686 3.800 3.914 13 34 28 77 47 157 tk11340cmi 3.880 4.000 4.120 13 35 28 79 48 161 tk11345cmi 4.365 4.500 4.635 14 36 29 82 50 170 tk11347cmi 4.559 4.700 4.841 14 36 30 84 51 174 tk11348cmi 4.656 4.800 4.944 14 36 30 84 52 176 tk11350cmi 4.850 5.000 5.150 14 37 31 86 53 180 tk11355cmi 5.335 5.500 5.565 15 38 32 89 55 190 tk11360cmi 5.820 6.000 6.180 15 39 33 93 58 199 tk11380cmi 7.760 8.000 8.240 17 43 38 107 68 238 notice. please contact your authorized toko repr esentative for voltage availability. if you need a voltage other than the value listed in the above table, please contact toko.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 8 9. test circuit vin icont v iin cin iout vout 1.0 f 1.0 f 0.1 f v a + 1 3 2 6 4 vin vout np gnd vcont 5 gnd cl + cnp *2pin,5pin are connected in the ic. a 10. application example vin cin vout 0.22 f0.22 f 0.01 f + 1 3 2 6 4 vin vout np gnd vcont 5 gnd cl + cnp
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 9 11. typical characteristics 11-1.dc characteristics ? line regulation -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 0481216 vin ( v) vout (mv) 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=5ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 ? vin vs iin ? vin vs iin 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 0481216 vin ( v) iin ( a) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 4 8 12 16 vin ( v) iin ( a) ? load regulation ? short circuit current -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 iout (ma) vout (mv) 0 2 4 6 8 10 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 iout (ma) vout (v) vout =2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8v vout =2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8v vout =2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8v vout 2v 3v 4v 5v 6v 8v vout 8v 6v 5v 4v 3v 2v
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 10 ? reverse bias current 0 20 40 60 80 024681012 vr e v ( v) irev ( a) 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=5ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 ? dropout voltage ? vin vs vout regulation point -240 -200 -160 -120 -80 -40 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 iout(ma) vdrop(mv) -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 -100 0 100 200 300 400 vin (mv) =vin-vouttyp vout (mv) ? iin (off state) ? vin-vcont vs icont 1.e-10 1.e-09 1.e-08 1.e-07 1.e-06 0246810121416 vin ( v) iin (a) -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 vcont(reference : vin) (v) icont ( a) 0 vout=2v vout=3v vout=5v vout=4v vout=6v vout=8v iout=0 , 50 , 100 , 150 , 200 , 300ma vout typ vout vou t icont -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 11 ? gnd pin current 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 iout (ma) ignd (ma) 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=5ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 temperature characteristics ? iout max ? gnd pin current 300 350 400 450 500 550 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) ioutmax (ma) 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) ignd (ma) ? control current ? on/off point -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) icont ( a) 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vcont(reference : vin) (-v) vo ut _ on vo ut _ off iout=300ma 200ma 100ma 50ma vin-vcont = 4v vin-vcont = 3v v in- vco n t = 2 v v in- vco n t = 1 .8v
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 12 ? dropout voltage 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vdrop (mv) 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=5ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 ? vout (tk11320cm) ? vout (tk11330cm) -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vout (mv) -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vout (mv) ? vout (tk11340cm) ? vout (tk11350cm) -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vout (mv) -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vout (mv) iout=300ma 200ma 100ma 50ma
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 13 ? vout (tk11360cm) -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vout (mv) 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=5ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 ? vout (tk11380cm) -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) vout (mv)
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 14 11-2. ac characteristics ripple rejection ? cl = 1 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=2v 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=10ma vcont vin-1.8v 1 3 6 4 vin=vout typ +2v f=100hz 1mhz 500mvp-p vripple ? cl = 1 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=3v ? cl = 1 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=4v ? cl = 1 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=5v ? cl = 1 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=6v
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 15 ? cl = 1 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=8v 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=10ma vcont vin-1.8v 1 3 6 4 vin=vout typ +2v f=100hz 1mhz 500mvp-p vripple ? cl = 0.22 f : ceramic (c) , tantalum (t) vout=3v ? cl = 0.22 f, 10 f : tantalum (t) vout=3v ? cnp = 0.001 f, 0.1 f : tantalum (t) vout=3v ? iout=0.5 300ma vout=3v -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 iout (ma) r.r (db ) cnp=0.01 f cl=0.22 f (c) freq=1khz freq=400hz
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 16 ? low vin vout=3v -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 vin-vout_typ (v) r.r (db ) 113xx cnp 0.1 f cl 1 f iout=10ma vcont vin-1.8v 1 3 6 4 vin=vout typ +2v f=100hz 1mhz 500mvp-p vripple the ripple rejection (r.r) characteristic depends on the characteristic and the capacitance value of the capacitor connected to the output side. the r . r characteristic of 50khz or more varies greatly with the capacitor on the output side and pcb pattern. if necessary, please confirm stability while operating. freq=1khz, cnp=0.01 f cl=0.22 f (c), vripple=100mvp-p iout=300m a 250m a 200m a 150m a 100m a 50m a 1m a
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 17 on/off transient 113xx cnp cl iout=30ma cin 1 f vcont vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 vin ? (vin-2v) f=100hz ? cl=0.22 f, 1.0 f, 2.2 f vout=3v ? cl=0.22 f, 1.0 f, 2.2 f vout=3v ? cnp=0.001 f, 0.01 f, 0.1 f vout=3v ? cnp=0.001 f, cl=0.22 f, 1.0 f, 2.2 f vout=3v the rise time of the regulator depends on cl and cnp; the fall time depends on cl. 1v/div 50 s/div 1v/div 250 s/div 1v/div 10 s/div 1v/div 250 s/div
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 18 rise time vout95% vcont vout time voltage 113xx cnp cl iout=30ma cin 1 f vcont vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 vin ? (vin-2v) f=100hz ? vout=2v, 3v, 4v, 5v, 6v, 8v ? vout=2v, 3v, 4v, 5v, 6v, 8v ? vout=2v, 3v, 4v, 5v, 6v, 8v vcont : one pulse (after discharge cnp, cl) ? vout=2v, 3v, 4v, 5v, 6v, 8v vcont : one pulse (after discharge cnp, cl) 2v/div 25 s/div 2v/div 250 s/div 2v/div 25 s/div 2v/div 250 s/div
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 19 load transient ? cl=0.22 f, 1.0 f, 2.2 f, iout=3 ? 33ma 11330 cnp 0.01 f cl cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 iout on ? off ? iout=0 ? 30ma, 3 ? 33ma ? iout=0 ? 30ma, 3 ? 33ma the output load transient ch aracteristics can be greatly improved by adding a small load current to ground. (refer to the above data curve) increase the output capacitance cl when the load current change is fast and/or large. 200mv/div 10 s/div 200mv/div 1ms/div 200mv/div 10 s/div
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 20 line transient ? cl=0.22 f, 1.0 f, 2.2 f 11330 cnp 0.01 f cl 1 f iout=30ma vcont vin-1.8v 1 3 6 4 vin 4v 5v ? cnp=0.001 f, 0.01 f, 0.1 f 10mv/div 100 s/div 10mv/div 100 s/div
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 21 output noise characteristics ? vout vs noise 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 vout(v) noise ( vrms) cl=1.0 f (tantal) 113xx cnp 0.01 f cl 1 f iout=30ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 bpf=400hz 80khz ? cnp vs noise (cl : tantalum) vout=3.0v ? cnp vs noise (cl : ceramic) vout=3.0v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 cnp (pf) noise vrms) cl=0.22uf cl=0.47uf cl=1.0uf cl=2.2uf cl=10uf 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 cnp (pf) noise vrms) cl=0.22uf cl=0.47uf cl=1.0uf cl=2.2uf cl=10uf ? iout vs noise (cl : tantal) vout=3.0v ? iout vs noise (cl : ceramic) vout=3.0v 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 iout (ma) noise ( vrms) cl=0.22uf cl=0.47uf cl=1.0uf cl=2.2uf cl=10uf 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 iout (ma) noise ( vrms) cl=0.22uf cl=0.47uf cl=1.0uf cl=2.2uf cl=10uf
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 22 ? frequency vs noise cl=0.22 f(ceramic), iout=10ma, vout=3v 0.01 0.1 1 10 10 100 1000 10000 100000 fre q uenc y ( hz ) noise ( v/ hz ) 113xx cnp 0.01 f cl 1 f iout=30ma cin 1 f vcont 1.8v vin =vout typ +1v 1 3 6 4 bpf=400hz 80khz for better noise reduction, it is more effective to increase noise bypass capacitance cnp without increasing output capacitance cl. the amount of noise increases with higher output voltages. cn p =0.1
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 23 12. pin description pin no. pin description internal equivalent circuit description 1 vcont 1 vin vcont 100k on/off control terminal vcont < vin-1.8v : on vcont > vin-0.6v : off *c rank the pull-up resister is not built-in. 2 gnd gnd terminal 3 np np 3 noise bypass terminal connect a bypass capacitor between gnd. 4 vout vout vin vref 4 output terminal 5 gnd gnd terminal 6 vin input terminal
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 24 13. applications information 13-1. stability linear regulators require input and output capacitors in order to maintain the regulator's loop stability. if a 0.1 f capacitor is connected to the output side, the ic provides stable operation at any voltage in the practical current region. however, increase the cl capacitance when using the ic in the low current region and low voltage. otherwise, the ic oscillates. the equivalent series resist ance (esr) of the output capacitor must be in the stable operation area. however, it is recommended to use as large a value of capacitance as is practical. the output noise and the ripple noise decrease as the capacitance va lue increases. esr values vary widely between ceramic and tantalum capacitors. however, tantalum capacitors are assumed to provide more esr damping resistance, which provides greater circuit stability. this implies that a higher level of circuit stability can be obtained by using tantalum capacitors when compared to ceramic capacitors with similar values. a recommended value of the application is as follows. cin=cl 0.22 f at iout 0.5ma tk113xxcm cin 0.22 f vin vout cl 0.22 f cnp 0.01 f gnd however, above recommended value does not satisfy some conditions. see ?output voltage, output current vs. stable operation area? on the next page. select the cl capacitance according to the condition of use. if the fast load transient response is necessary, increase the cl capacitance as much as possible. the input capacitor is necessary when the battery is discharged, the power supply impedance increases, or the line distance to the power supply is long. this capacitor might be necessary on each individual ic even if two or more regulator ics are used. it is not possible to determine this indiscriminately. please confirm the stability while mounted
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 25 output voltage, output current vs. stable operation area vout=6.0v 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0 50 100 150 iout [ma] esr [ohm] stable area cl=0.1uf uns t able are a vout=5.0v 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0 50 100 150 iout [ma] esr [ohm] stable area cl=0.1uf uns t able are a vout=3.0, 4.0v 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0 50 100 150 iout [ma] esr [ohm] stable area cl=0.1uf vout=2.0v 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0 50 100 150 iout [ma] esr [ohm] stable area cl=0.1uf vout=8.0v 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0 50 100 150 iout [ma] esr [ohm] stable area cl=0.1uf uns t able are a the above graphs show stable operation with a ceramic capacitor of 0.1 f (excluding the low cu rrent region). if the capacitance is not increas ed in the low voltage, low current area, stable operation may not be achieved. please select the best output capacitor according to the voltage and current used. the stability of the regulator improves if a big output side capacitor is used (the stable operation area extends.) please use as large a capacitance as is practical. although operation above 150ma has not been described, stability is equal to or better than operation at 150ma. for evaluation kyocera : cm05b104k10ab , cm05b224k10ab , cm105b104k16a , cm105b224k16a , cm21b225k10a murata : grm36b104k10 , grm42b104k10 , grm39b104k25 , grm39b224k10 , grm39b105k6.3 ex. ceramic capacitance vs voltage, temperature generally, a ceramic capacitor has both a temperature characteristic and a voltage characteristic. please consider both characteristics when select ing the part. the b curves are the recommend characteristics. % capacitance vs. voltage 0 bias voltage (v) cap 2 4 6 8 10 50 60 70 80 90 100 b curve f curve capacitance vs. temperature % 60 50 80 90 100 70 cap -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 ta ( c) b curve f curve 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 26 13-2. definition of term ? output voltage (vout) the output voltage is specified with vin=(vout typ +1v) and iout=5ma. ? maximum output current (iout max) the rated output current is specified under the condition where the output voltage drops 0.9v times the value specified with iout=5ma. the input voltage is set to vout typ +1v and the current is pulsed to minimize temperature effect. ? dropout voltage (vdrop) the dropout voltage is the difference between the input voltage and the output voltage at which point the regulator starts to fall out of regulation. below this value, the output voltage will fall as the input voltage is reduced. it is dependent upon the load current and the junction temperature. ? line regulation (linreg) line regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain a constant output voltage as the input voltage changes. the line regulation is specified as the input voltage is changed from vin=vout typ +1v to vin=vout typ +6v. it is a pulse measurement to minimize temperature effect. ? load regulation (loareg) load regulation is the ability of the regulator to maintain a constant output voltage as the load current changes. it is a pulsed measurement to minimize temperature effects with the input voltage set to vin=vout typ +1v. the load regulation is specified under an output current step condition of 5ma to 100ma. ? ripple rejection (r.r) ripple rejection is the ability of the regulator to attenuate the ripple content of the input voltage at the output. it is specified with 500mv rms , 1khz super-imposed on the input voltage, where vin=vout+2v. ripple rejection is the ratio of the ripple content of the output vs. input and is expressed in db. ? standby current (istandby) standby current is the current which flows into the regulator when the output is turned off by the control function (vcont=vin). ? over current sensor the over current sensor protects the device when there is excessive output current. it also protects the device if the output is accidentally connected to ground. (when external transistor is used, the protection operates at 10ma at the base terminal) ? thermal sensor the thermal sensor protects the device in case the junction temperature exceeds the safe value (t j =150 c). this temperature rise can be caused by external heat, excessive power dissipation caused by large input to output voltage drops, or excessive output current. the regulator will shut off when the temperature exceeds the safe value. as the junction temperatures decrease , the regulator will begin to operate again. under sustained fault conditions, the regulator output will oscillate as the device turns off then resets. damage may occur to the device under extreme fault. please prevent the loss of the regulator when this protection operates, by reducing the input voltage or providing better heat efficiency. * in the case that the power, vin ishort(short circuit current), becomes more than twice of the maximum rating of its power dissipation in a moment, there is a possibility that the ic is destroyed before internal thermal protection works. ? reverse voltage protection reverse voltage protection prevents damage due to the output voltage being higher than the input voltage. this fault condition can occur when the output capacitor remains charged and the input is reduced to zero, or when an external voltage higher than the input voltage is applied to the output side ? esd mm : 200pf 0 200v or more hbm : 100pf 1.5k 2000v or more
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 27 13-3. layout on/off v in v out pcb material : gla ss epoxy (t=0.8mm) please do derating with 4.8mw/ c at pd=600mw and 25 c or more. thermal resistance ( ja) is=208 c/w. 25 50 100 pd(mw) 150 c 600 0 0 (85 c) -4.8mw/ c the package loss is limited at the temperature that the internal temperature sensor works (about 150 c). therefore, the package loss is assumed to be an internal limitation. there is no heat ra diation characteristic of the package unit assumed because of the small size. heat is carried away by the device being mounted on the pcb. this value changes by the material and the copper pattern etc. of the pcb. the losses are approximately 600mw. enduring these losses beco mes possible in a lot of applications operating at 25 c. the overheating protection circuit operates when there are a lot of losses with the regulator (when outside temperature is high or heat radiation is bad). the output current cannot be pulled enough and the output voltage will drop when the protection circuit operates. when the junction temperature reaches 150 c, the ic is shut down. however, operation begins at once when the ic stops operation and the temperatur e of the chip decreases. how to determine the thermal resistance when mounted on pcb the thermal resistance when mounted is expressed as follows: tj= ja pd+ta tj of ic is set around 150 c. pd is the value when the thermal sensor is activated. if the ambient temperature is 25 c, then: 150= ja pd+25 ja=125/pd ( c /mw) pd is easily calculated. mount the ic on the print circuit board. short between the output pin and ground. after that, raise input voltage from 0v to evaluated voltag e (see*1) gradually. at shorted the output pin, the power dissipation p d can be expressed as pd=vin iin. the input current decreases gr adually as the temperature of the chip becomes high. after a while, it reaches the thermal equilibrium. use this currrent value at the thermal equilibrium. in almost all the cases, it shows 600mw(sot23l-6) or more. *1 in the case that the power, vin ishort(short circuit current), becomes more than twice of th e maximum rating of its power dissipation in a moment, there is a possibility that the ic is destroyed before internal thermal protection works. 0 25 50 75 100 150 pd(mw) pd d pd 2 3 5 4 ta () procedure (when mounted on pcb.) 1. find pd (vin iin when the output side is short-circuited). 2. plot pd against 25 c. 3. connect pd to the point corresponding to the 150 c with a straight line. 4. in design, take a vertical line from the maximum operating temperature (e.g., 75 c) to the derating curve. 5. read off the value of pd agains t the point at which the vertical line intersects the derating curve. this is taken as the maximum power dissipation dpd. 6. dpd (vinmax ? vout)=iout (at 75 c) the maximum output current at the highest operating temperature will be iout ? dpd (vinmax ? vout). please use the device at low temperature with better radiation. the lower temperature provides better quality.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 28 13-4. on/off control it is recommended to turn the regulator off when the circuit following the regulator is non-operating. a design with little electric power loss can be implemented. we recommend the use of the on/off control of the regulator without using a high side switch to provide an output from the regulator. a highly accurate output voltage with low voltage drop is obtained. because the control current is small, it is possible to control it directly by cmos logic. reg v sat on/off cont. control terminal voltage (vcont) on/off state vcont < vin-1.8v on vcont > vin-0.6v off *c rank the pull-up resister is not built-in at control terminal. if a pull-up resister is necessary according as the control driver, connect the control terminal with a pull-up resistance (rp- up). if the control function is not used, connect the control terminal to gnd. it is possible to reduce the control current by inserting a series resister (rc). however, be careful the on/off level may change. or ?will change? 6 5 4 1 2 3 vin gnd gnd vout vcont np vin rp-up rc cnp sw -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 vcont(reference : vin) (-v) icont ( a) 0 parallel connected on/off control 2.0v 5v 3.3v on/off cont. vin tk11350cm r tk11333cm tk11320cm vo u t the above figure is multiple regulators being controlled by a single on/off control signal. there is fear of overheating, because the power loss of the low voltage side ic (tk11320cm) is large. the series resistor (r) is put in the input line of the low output voltage regulator in order to prevent over-dissipation. the voltage dropped across the resistor reduces the large input-to-output voltage across the regulator, reducing the power dissipation in the device. when the thermal sensor works, a decrease of the output voltage, oscillation, etc. may be observed. vout typ vout vout ( rc=100 k ) icont (rc=100k
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 29 13-5. noise bypass the noise and the ripple rejection characteristics depend on the capacitance on the np terminal. the ripple rejection characteristic of the low frequency region improves by increasing the capacitance of cnp. a standard value is cnp=0.1 f. increase cnp in a design with important output noise and ripple rejection requirements. the ic will not be damaged if the capacitor value is increased. the on/off switching speed changes depending on the np terminal capacitance. the switching speed slows when the capacitance is large.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 30 13-6. outline ; pcb ; stamps sot23l-6 5-0.32 1.2 0.15 (0.3) 3.3 2.2 0.4 3.0 0.6 1.0 reference mount pad 1 3 4 6 0~0.1 1.4max 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.10 +0.10 ? 0 . 0 5 +0.10 ? 0.05 0.95 +0.10 ? 0.05 1 5 m a x m 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.10 m 0.2 3.4 voltage code type code xxr unit : mm package structure package material : epoxy resin terminal material : copper alloy mass (reference) : 0.023g v out v code v out v code v out v code 2.0v 20 3.2v 32 6.0v 60 2.1 21 3.3 33 8.0 80 2.2 22 3.5 35 2.5 25 3.8 38 2.6 26 4.0 40 2.7 27 4.5 45 2.8 28 4.7 47 2.9 29 4.8 48 3.0 30 5.0 50 3.1 31 5.5 55 the output voltage table indicates th e standard value when manufactured. please contact your authorized toko representative for voltage availability.
tk113xxcm gc3-i013c page 31 14. notes ? please be sure that you carefully discuss your planned purchase with our office if you intend to use the products in this application manual under conditions where particularly extreme standards of reliability are required, or if you intend to use products for applications other than those listed in this application manual. z power drive products for automobile, ship or aircraft transport systems; steerin g and navigation systems, emergency signal communications systems, and any system other than those mentioned above which include electronic sensors, measuring, or display devices, and which could cause major damage to life, limb or property if misused or failure to function. z medical devices for measur ing blood pressure, pulse, etc., treatment units such as coronary pacemakers and heat treatment units, and devices such as artificial organs and artificial limb systems which augment physiological functions. z electrical instruments, equipment or systems used in disaster or crime prevention. ? semiconductors, by nature, may fail or malfunction in spite of our devotion to improve product quality and reliability. we urge you to ta ke every possib le precaution against physical injuries, fire or other damages which may cause failure of our semiconductor products by taking appropriate measures, including a reasonable safety margin, malfunction preventive practices and fire-proofing when designing your products. ? this application manual is effective from oct. 2006. note that the contents are subject to change or discontinuation without notice. when placing orders, please confirm specifications and delivery condition in writing. ? toko is not responsible for any problems nor for any infringement of third party patents or any other intellectual property rights that may arise from the use or method of use of the products listed in this application manual. moreover, this application manual does not signify that toko agrees implicitly or explicitly to license any patent rights or other intellectual property rights which it holds. ? none of ozone depleting substances(ods) under the montreal protocol is used in manufacturing process of us. 15. offices if you need more information on this product and other toko products, please contact us. ? toko inc. headquarters 1-17, higashi-yukigaya 2-chome, ohta-ku, tokyo, 145-8585, japan tel: +81.3.3727.1161 fax: +81.3.3727.1176 or +81.3.3727.1169 web site: http://www.toko.co.jp/ ? toko america web site: http://www.toko.com/ ? toko europe web site: http://www.tokoeurope.com/ ? toko hong kong web site: http://www.toko.com.hk/ ? toko taiwan web site: http://www.tokohc.com.tw/ ? toko singapore web site: http://www.toko.com.sg/ ? toko seoul web site: http://www.toko.co.kr/ ? toko manila web site: http://www.toko.com.ph/ ? toko brazil web site: http://www.toko.com.br/ semiconductor division your distributor

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